一天中,时钟的时针和分针会重合几次?
How manytimes a day do the hands of a clock overlap?
答案:时针和分针每小时重叠一次,但在12小时内会重叠11次,一天之内重叠22次。这是因为在12时位置的指针重合已经计算在内。重合时间点分别是上午12:00,1:05,2:11,3:16,4:22,5:27,6:33,7:38,8:44,9:49,10:55以及下午12:00,1:05,2:11,3:16,4:22,5:27,6:33,7:38,8:44,9:49,10:55。
The handsoverlap once an hour, but 11 times in 12 hours and 22 times in a day. This isbecause the overlap at 12 has already been accounted for. The overlaps occur at12, 1.05, 2.11, 3:16, 4:22, 5:27, 6:33, 7:38, 8:44, 9:49 and 10:55 in themorning and after midday at 12, 1.05, 2:11, 3:16, 4:22, 5:27, 6:33, 7:38, 8:44,9:49 and 10:55.
再比如,应聘者们曾经回答过这样一个令人啼笑皆非的难题:
全世界有多少位钢琴调音师?
How manypiano tuners are there in the entire world?
这类谜题被称为“费米问题”,命名来自物理学家恩里科·费米,他之所以声名远扬是因为他能够在少量的给定信息甚至没有信息的情况下进行运算。费米问题意在考察应聘者的估算能力以及量纲分析能力。
那么这个问题如何解答呢?
解决费米问题的方法在于通过一系列估算而无限接近正确答案。因此,应聘者需要考量一些因素,诸如:拥有钢琴的家庭户数,此类家庭进行钢琴调音的频次等,从而得出每年有多少次的钢琴调音。随后,应聘者们需要估算出钢琴调音师的平均工作时长以及工作量。
The puzzleis solved by multiplying a series of estimates to get to the right answer. So acandidate would have to estimate factors such as how many households have apiano, how often they are tuned to figure out how many piano tunings take placea year.They then need to calculate the average working hours of a piano tunersand the number of jobs they carry out.
因此,用每年所有家庭需要进行钢琴调音的次数除以每年每位钢琴调音师的工作量,答案就此诞生。
The numberof piano tunings that take place per year divided by the number per year perpiano tuner should yield the answer.