【导语】完形填空以考察动词、名词、形容词和副词为主,不仅涉及到对文章上下文语境的理解,更会考察对以上四类词中近义词的辨析。©无忧考网和大家分享2018年高考英语完形填空中涉及到的这四类高频词和一个牢记完形填空技巧、口诀总结出来,供同学们对比记忆!
高中英语完形填空学习口诀:
文章首句要重视,全篇理解有启示。
记叙体裁为主体,通读全文明意旨。
填空多是实意词,四个选项巧设计,
词类范畴必同一。确定佳靠逻辑,
字里行间找信息。个别填空借常识,
相近词义细辨析,习惯用法靠记忆,
复读反思再核实。
高中英语完形填空学习技巧:
1.充分利用首句信息
完形填空题首句往往不设空,往往是全文的关键句,或者称为主导句,要充分利用完形填空题首句的提示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,从而展开思维。
2.多角度的逻辑推理
完形填空题的解题过程首先是一个阅读的过程,必须把握作者的思路,通过联想、推测等方法,多换角度去思考问题,使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。
3.从上下文寻找线索
通读全文,理顺大意,根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键。近年高考试题逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分析考查,而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断。就空格而言,体现了以实词为主、虚词为辅的特点,而且几乎不暴露明显的语言错误,词语在特定的语境中所表达的陷含信息大都无法只凭字面或单从个别句子甚至若干句子的表面理解获知。因此,只有借助于上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确作出判断。
高考英语完形填空中涉及到的这几类高频词:
01 动词
1.“看”:look; see; watch; observe; notice; catch sight of; stare; glare; glance; glimpse; see a film; watch TV
2. “说”:telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth; talk with sb about sth; say sth; speak in English; whisper sth to sb; inform sb of sth; reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth; bargain; chat; repeat; explain; warn; remind; discuss; debate; figure; declare; claim; mention; admit; deny; describe; announce; introduce; complain
3. “叫”:cry; call; shout; scream; moan; sigh; quarrel
4. “问”:ask; interview; express; question
5. “答”:answer; respond; reply
6. “听”:listen to; hear; pick up; overhear
7. “笑”:smile; laugh; burst into laughter; burst out laughing
8. “哭”:cry; shed tears; weep; sob; burst into tears /burst out crying
9. “吃/喝”:eat/drink; sip; have a meal; have supper; toast; taste; treat sb to; help oneself to
10. “穿”:put on; wear; have on; be dressed in; make up; get changed; be in red; take off ; remove
11. “行”:walk ; run ; climb; jump; skip; slip; come/go; enter; move; drive; ride; fly; crawl
12. “坐”:sit down; be seated; seat oneself; take a seat,stand; lean
13. “睡/休息”:lie /on one’s back/on one's side/ on one’s stomach; stay in bed; have a rest; take a nap; be asleep; bend; turn over; rest
14. “写”:dictate; write sth; describe; drop a line; draw; take down/write down
15. “拿/放”: take; bring; hold; carry; fetch; lif; put; lay; pull; push
16. “抓”:take hold of; seize; grasp; scratch
17. “打”:hit; beat; strike; blow; attack
18. “扔”:throw; drop; fall; wave; shake
19. “送”:send; deliver; give; offer; see off
20. “摸/抱”:ouch; fold; embrace; hug; hold; in one’s arms
21. “踢/碰”:kick; knock; tip
22. “找/查”:find; look for; find out; discover/explore; hunt for; search for;seek,seek for in search of; search sb; search sp. for sth; check; examine; test; inspect
23. “得”:get; obtain; acquire; gain; possess
24. “失”:lose; be lost /be missing/gone; great loss
25. “有”:have; own; conquer; occupy;possess
26. “无”:nothing left; the remaining thing; disappear; be missing /gone
27. “增/减”:rise / go up,drop; raise; bring down /reduce; increase/decrease
28. “买/卖”:buy; purchase; afford; pay; pay off ; pay for; sell; on sale; bargain; bill / cheque / cash/credit card/notes/coins; discounts
29. “存在/消失”:come into being; exist; appear; survive ; live; show; turn up; disappear; die; die out; pass away; be out of sight
30. “变化”:develop; improve ; become; grow; go+ bad /wrong/ sour;turn + colour; change /change into; reform
31. “成功/失败”:make it; succeed; make progress; come true; realize one’s dream; win; lose; fail to do; defeat; suffer loss; beat; turn sth. into reality
32. “努力”:try /manage; make efforts; attempt ; do one's best; do as much as one can to do
33. 祝贺:congratulate sb. on sth.; celebrate; observe; get together
34. 敬佩:admire; respect; show respect for/to; adore; envy ;be jealousy
35. 赞美/批评:praise; think highly of; blame sb for sth; sb is to blame; criticize /scold sb. for sth.; have a low opinion of sb; speak ill of
36. 喜/恶:like; love; be fond of ; be keen on; be crazy about; adore; be into; prefer; enjoy; dislike hate; ignore
37. 到达:arrive at; reach; return to; get to; stay in sp.; visit; leave; leave for
38. 受伤:hurt ; injure; wound; cut; kill; drown; bleed; get burnt; suffer from; suffer a loss
39. 损坏:damage; destroy; ruin; break down; crash; be broken
40. 修复: repair; rebuild; restore; fix; recover oneself
41. “认识的过程” :feel; sense; guess; suppose; wonder; doubt; know /learn realize understand remember; be familiar with; recall; recite; apply to
42. 认为;判断:think; believe; consider; find; feel; conclude; infer; doubt
43. 想/考虑:think of…as...; think about; consider; think over
44. 支持/反对:agree; disagree; accept; receive; refuse; turn down; be against; elect; vote for/ against
45. 花费:sth/doing sth+cost; sb+spend+ (in) doing sth; sb+afford +n/to do sth ; It +takes/took some time/ money/energy to do sth; sb pay some money for sth.
46. 省/存钱:save /save up; set aside; put away
47. 参加:take part in; join /join in; attend; compete in/ for/against
48. 控告:accuse sb. of; charge sb. with
49. 救治/帮助: help /help out; save /rescue sb from sth.; treat; cure sb. of sth; aid sb in doing sth / to do sth; help sb with sth;assist sb in doing sth
50. 逃避:run away; escape from; flee; hide
51. 阻止/禁止:prevent / keep/ stop sb. from doing sth; forbid doing sth.; ban; prohibit
52. 对付/处理:handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth ; solve; settle
53. 效仿:copy; imitate; learn from; learn
54. 爆发/发生:come about; happen to; take place; break out; burst out; go off; explode
55. 安装/装备:fasten; fix; set; equip; be armed with; be equipped with
56. 追求:pursuit; ran after; seek after; chase; catch up with; keep up with
57. 建议:advise; suggest; recommend; propose; urge; demand; persuade
58. 打算:plan / intend / design to do; be going to do /be about to do /will do
59. 似乎/好象:seem; appear; look like;as if /as though
60. 开办/关闭:open; start; set up; close/close up; end; close down
02 名词
1. 假期
vacation,holiday,spring break,leave,two days off
2. 旅游
trip,journey, tour,voyage, travel,tourist,passenger
3. 职务人员
clerk,secretary,passer-by friend,minister,manager,waitress,guest,host,hostess,assistant,customer,adult,neighbor,relative,patient,vet,staff,crew,nurse,teacher,conductor,tailor,sailor,inventor,gardener,guard
4. 餐馆/定餐/就餐
inn,restaurant,kitchen,menu,bill,order,tip,fork and knife,reserve /book table,taste delicious,salad,vegetables,fruit,tray,napkin
5. 诊所/看病/服药
clinic,hospital,take one’s temperature,take medicine/pills,have a fever/flu/headache,doctor,physician,surgeon,specialist,patient
6. 车站/机场
airport,on board,miss the train/bus,catch a train,meet sb.
7. 身体部位
arm,head,hair,brain,waist,back,shoulder,pulse,wrist
8. 意志
will,courage,patience,determination,faith,effort,confidence,ambition,energy
9. 才能/品质
talent,gift,ability,potential,intelligent,promising,smart,stupid,careful,proud,strict,honest,cold,serious,easy-going,learned,knowledgeable
10. 优缺点
advantage,disadvantage,strength,weakness,merit,drawback, strong point,shortcoming
11. 目标
aim,goal,intention,purpose,belief,faith
12. 方式
means,method,way,manner,approach
13. 身体素质
strong,weak,pale,sick,ill,well,slim,fit,cut weight,put on weight
14. 图表
photo,picture,graph,drawing,table,line/bar graph, pie chart,draw a sketch(划草图)
15. 文章
reading,translation,essay,poem,paper,novel,fiction article,magazine,newspaper,journal,diary,files
16. 课堂
class,course,lecture,example,reason,message,notes,words,phrase,scholarship,degree,subject,question,trouble,difficulty,grades,comment,marks
17. 学校活动
match,game,activity,hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony
18. 建议/观点
advice,suggestion,idea,proposal,view,recommandation
19. 气候/天气
climate,weather,storm,wind,cloud,rain,snow,hotness,coldness,heat,warmth
20. 交通
by train/bus /boat bike,on the train/bus /a bike,drive a car,ride a bike,give sb. a lift/ride
21. 习惯
habit,custom,practice(惯例)
22. 感觉
sight,hearing,touch,smell,taste,sense
23. 情感
feeling,emotion,anger,delight,sadness,sorrow
24. 财富
money,possessions,wealth,belongings,fortunes,treasure,diamond
25. 运动比赛
playground,track and filed,pitch,event,game,match,sports,player,coach,judge,jogging,weightlifting,volleyball,soccer
03 形容词和副词
1. immediate adj 立即的,立刻的,马上
2. clear adj 清楚的,清晰的
3.cautious adj 小心翼翼的
4.vivid adj 生动的,逼真的
5.exactly adv ①确切地,精确地 ②恰好地,正好地 ③ (用于答语)完全正确。(的确这样)
6.fortunately adv 幸运地
7.surprisingly adv 令人惊讶的
8.hardly adv 几乎不
9.instead adv 代替,相反
10. properly adv 适当地;正确地;恰当地
11. specially adv 专门
12.reliable adj 可靠的,可信赖的
13.simply adv 简单地;仅仅,只不过
14.namely adv 即,也就是
15.not nearly = far from = nowhere near 远非,远远不,一点也不
16.patient adj 耐心的;n 病人
17.plain adj 简单的,朴素的
18.familiar adj 熟悉的
19.lucky adj 幸运的
20.amazing adj 令人惊异的
21.accidentally adv ①偶然地;意外地 ②附带地
22.silent adj 沉默的
23.calm adj 平静的,冷静的
24.secret adj 秘密的
25.otherwise adv 否则
26.meanwhile adv 期间,同时
27.besides adv 除…..以外还有
28.efficient adj 高效的,有效的
29. flexible adj 灵活的
30.complex adj 复杂的
31.smooth adj 平稳的,光滑的,顺利的 32.regularly adv 定期的,有规律的
33.sensitive adj 敏感的,体贴的
34.honest adj 诚实的
35.confident adj 自信的
36.shy adj 害羞的,羞涩的
37.thoughtful adj ①深思的,沉思的②富有思想的;经认真推敲的
38.lighthearted and optimistic adj 无忧无虑而且非常乐观的
39.nevertheless adj 然而
40.private adj 私人的(private cars)
41.personal adj 个人的(personal belongings)
42.unique adj 的,独一无二的;独特的
43.favorable adj 赞同的,有利的
44.precious adj 宝贵的,珍贵
45.essential adj 必要的,重要的