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国际商务师英语辅导:计算技术与汇总

2011-09-03 06:46:00 来源:帮考网
国际商务师英语辅导:计算技术与汇总

服务器

c2c: card-to-card interleaving,卡到卡交错存取

cc-numa(cache-coherent non uniform memory access,连贯缓冲非统一内存寻址)

chrp(common hardware reference platform,共用硬件平台,ibm为powerpc制定的标准,可以兼容mac os, windows nt, solaris, os/2, linux和aix等多种操作系统)

emp: emergency management port,紧急事件管理端口

icmb: inter-chassis management bus,内部管理总线

mpp(massive parallel processing,巨量平行处理架构)

mux: data path multiplexor,多重路径数据访问通信

cti:computer telephone integration,计算机电话综合技术

dbs: direct broadcast satellite,直接卫星广播

dwdm: dense wavelength division multiplex,波长密集型复用技术

mmds: multichannel multipoint distribution service,多波段多点分发服务

pcm: pulse code modulation,脉冲编码调制

pstn(public switched telephone network,公用交换式电话网)

tapi: telephony application programming interface,电话应用程序接口

tsapi: telephony services application programming interface,电话服务应用程序接口

wdm: wavelength division multiplex,波分多路复用

游戏

act(action,动作类游戏)

arpg(action role play games,动作角色扮演游戏)

avg(adventure genre,冒险类游戏)

dan(dance,跳舞类游戏,包括跳舞机、吉它机、打鼓机等)

dc(dreamcast,世嘉64位游戏机)

etc(etc,其它类游戏,包括模拟飞行)

ffj: force feedback joystick(力量反匮式操纵杆)

fpp(first person game,第一人称游戏)

ftg(fighting game,格斗类游戏)

gb(game boy,任天堂4位手提游戏机)

gbc(game boy color,任天堂手提16色游戏机)

gg(game gear,世嘉彩色手提游戏机)

fc(famicom,任天堂8位游戏机)

fps(frames per second,帧/秒)

fr(frames rate,游戏运行帧数)

mac(macintosh,苹果电脑)

n64(nintendo 64,任天堂64位游戏机)

sfc(super famicom,超级任天堂16位游戏机)

slg(simulation game,模拟类游戏)

spg(sports games,运动类游戏)

srpg(strategies role play games,战略角色扮演游戏)

stg(shoot game,射击类游戏)

ss(sega saturn,世嘉土星32位游戏机)

pc(personal computer,个人计算机)

ps(play station,索尼32位游戏机)

ps(pocket station,索尼手提游戏机)

rac(race,赛车类游戏)

rts(real time strategies,实时战略)

rpg(role play games,角色扮演游戏)

tab(table chess,桌棋类游戏)

网络

adsl: asymmetric digital subscriber line,不对称数字订阅线路

ah: authentication header,鉴定文件头

amr(audio/modem riser,音效/数据主机板附加直立插卡)

arp(address resolution protocol,地址解析协议)

atm(asynchronous transfer mode,异步传输模式)

bod(bandwidth on demand,弹性带宽运用)

cbr(committed burst rate,约定突发速率)

ccirn: coordinating committee for intercontinental research networking,洲际研究网络协调委员会

ccm(call control manager,拨号控制管理)

cdsl: consumer digital subscriber line(消费者数字订阅线路)

cgi(common gateway interface,通用网关接口)

ciea: commercial internet exchange association,商业因特网交易协会

cir(committed infomation rate,约定信息速率)

cts(clear to send,清除发送)

dbs-pc: direct broadcast satellite pc(人造卫星直接广播式pc)

dce: data circuit terminal equipment,数据通信设备

des: data encryption standard,数据加密标准

dmt: discrete multi - tone,不连续多基频模式

dns(domain name system,域名系统)

docsis(data over cable service interface specifications,线缆服务接口数据规格)

dte: data terminal equipment,数据终端设备

ebr(excess burst rate,超额突发速率)

esp: encapsulating security payload,压缩安全有效载荷

fdm: frequency division multi,频率分离

flow-control流控制

fricc: federal research internet coordinating committee,联邦调查因特网协调委员会

ftp(file transfer protocol,文件传输协议)

ghost:(general hardware oriented system transfer,全面硬件导向系统转移)

hdsl: high bit rate dsl,高比特率数字订阅线路

http(hypertext transfer protocol,超文本传输协议)

icmp(internet control message protocol,因特网信息控制协议)

ietf(internet engineering task framework,因特网工程任务组)

ike: internet key exchange,因特网密钥交换协议

imap4: internet message access protocol version 4,第四版因特网信息存取协议

internet(因特网)

ip(internet protocol,网际协议)

isdn(integrated service digital network,综合服务数字网络)

isoc: internet society,因特网协会

isp(internet service provider,因特网服务提供商)

lan(local area network,局域网)

ldap: lightweight directory access protocol,轻权目录访问协议

lom(lan-on-montherboard)

iab: internet activities board,因特网工作委员会

ietf: internet engineering task force,因特网工程作业推动

l2tp(layer 2 tunneling protocol,二级通道协议)

lmds: local multipoint distributed system,局域多点分布式系统

mime: multipurpose internet mail extension,多用途因特网邮件扩展协议

mnp: microcom networking protocal

modem(modulator demodulator,调制解调器)

nat(network address translation,网络地址转换)

nc(network computer,网络计算机)

nds: novell directory service,novell目录服务

nntp: network news transfer protocol,网络新闻传输协议

msn: microsoft network,微软网络

ofdm(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,直角频率部分多路复用)

p3p(privacy preference project,个人私隐安全平台)

pds: public directory support,公众目录支持

pgp: pretty good privacy,优良保密协议

pics: platform for internet content selection,因特网内容选择平台

pof: polymer optical fiber,聚合体光纤

pop3: post office protocol version 3,第三版电子邮局协议

pptp: point to point tunneling protocol,点对点通道协议

radsl: rate adaptive dsl,速率自适应数字订阅线路

rarp(reverse address resolution protocol,反向地址解析协议)

rdf: resource deXion framework,资源描述框架

rsa(rivest shamir adlemen,一种因特网加密和认证体系)

rts(request to send,需求发送)

sis: switched internetworking services(交换式网络互联服务)

s/mime: secure mime,安全多用途因特网邮件扩展协议

snmp(simple network management protocol,简单网络管理协议)

smtp(simple mail transfer protocol,简单邮件传输协议)

skip: simple key exchange internet protocol,因特网简单密钥交换协议

sua(single user account,单用户帐号)

tcp(transmission control protocol,传输控制协议)

uart(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter,通用异步接收/发送装置)

udp(user datagram protocol,用户数据报协议)

uls: user location service,用户定位服务

vod: video on demand,视频点播

*: virtual private network,虚拟局域网

www(world wide web,万维网,是因特网的一部分)

视频

3d:three dimensional,三维

3ds(3d subsystem,三维子系统)

ae(atmospheric effects,雾化效果)

afr(alternate frame rendering,交替渲染技术)

anisotropic filtering(各向异性过滤)

appe(advanced packet parsing engine,增强形帧解析引擎)

av(analog video,模拟视频)

back buffer,后置缓冲

backface culling(隐面消除)

battle for eyeballs(眼球大战,各3d图形芯片公司为了争夺用户而作的竞争)

bilinear filtering(双线性过滤)

cem(cube environment mapping,立方环境映射)

cg(computer graphics,计算机生成图像)

clipping(剪贴纹理)

clock synthesizer,时钟合成器

compressed textures(压缩纹理)

concurrent command engine,协作命令引擎

center processing unit utilization,中央处理器占用率

dac(digital to analog converter,数模传换器)

decal(印花法,用于生成一些半透明效果,如:鲜血飞溅的场面)

dfp(digital flat panel,数字式平面显示器)

dfs: dynamic flat shading(动态平面描影),可用作加速

dithering(抖动)

directional light,方向性光源

dme: direct memory execute(直接内存执行)

dof(depth of field,多重境深)

dot texture blending(点型纹理混和)

double buffering(双缓冲区)

dir(direct rendering infrastructure,基层直接渲染)

dvi(digital video interface,数字视频接口)

dxr: dynamicxtended resolution(动态可扩展分辨率)

dxtc(direct x texture compress,directx纹理压缩,以s3tc为基础)

dynamic z-buffering(动态z轴缓冲区),显示物体远近,可用作远景

e-ddc(enhanced display data channel,增强形视频数据通道协议,定义了显示输出与主系统之间的通讯通道,能提高显示输出的画面质量)

edge anti-aliasing,边缘抗锯齿失真

e-edid(enhanced extended identification data,增强形扩充身份辨识数据,定义了电脑通讯视频主系统的数据格式)

execute buffers,执行缓冲区

environment mapped bump mapping(环境凹凸映射)

extended burst transactions,增强式突发处理

front buffer,前置缓冲

flat(平面描影)

frames rate is king(帧数为王)

fsaa(full scene anti-aliasing,全景抗锯齿)

fog(雾化效果)

flip double buffered(反转双缓存)

fog table quality(雾化表画质)

gart(graphic address remappng table,图形地址重绘表)

gouraud shading,高洛德描影,也称为内插法均匀涂色

gpu(graphics processing unit,图形处理器)

gtf(generalized timing formula,一般程序时间,定义了产生画面所需要的时间,包括了诸如画面刷新率等)

hal(hardware abstraction layer,硬件抽像化层)

hardware motion compensation(硬件运动补偿)

hdtv(high definition television,高清晰度电视)

hel: hardware emulation layer(硬件模拟层)

high triangle count(复杂三角形计数)

icd(installable client driver,可安装客户端驱动程序)

idct(inverse discrete cosine transform,非连续反余弦变换,geforce的dvd硬件强化技术)

immediate mode,直接模式

ippr: image processing and pattern recognition(图像处理和模式识别)

large textures(大型纹理)

lf(linear filtering,线性过滤,即双线性过滤)

lighting(光源)

lightmap(光线映射)

local peripheral bus(局域边缘总线)

mipmapping(mip映射)

modulate(调制混合)

motion compensation,动态补偿

motion blur(模糊移动)

mpps:million pixels per second,百万个像素/秒

multi-resolution mesh,多重分辨率组合

multi threaded bus master,多重主控

multitexture(多重纹理)

nerest mipmap(邻近mip映射,又叫点采样技术)

overdraw(透支,全景渲染造成的浪费)

partial texture downloads(并行纹理传输)

parallel processing perspective engine(平行透视处理器)

pc(perspective correction,透视纠正)

pgc(parallel graphics configuration,并行图像设置)

pixel(picture element,图像元素,又称p像素,屏幕上的像素点)

point light(一般点光源)

point sampling(点采样技术,又叫邻近mip映射)

precise pixel interpolation,精确像素插值

procedural textures(可编程纹理)

ramdac(random access memory digital to analog converter,随机存储器数/模转换器)

reflection mapping(反射贴图)

render(着色或渲染)

s端子(seperate)

s3(sight、sound、speed,视频、音频、速度)

s3tc(s3 texture compress,s3纹理压缩,仅支持s3显卡)

s3tl(s3 transformation & lighting,s3多边形转换和光源处理)

screen buffer(屏幕缓冲)

sdtv(standard definition television,标准清晰度电视)

sem(spherical environment mapping,球形环境映射)

shading,描影

single pass multi-texturing,单通道多纹理

sli(scanline interleave,扫描线间插,3dfx的双voodoo 2配合技术)

smart filter(智能过滤)

soft shadows(柔和阴影)

soft reflections(柔和反射)

spot light(小型点光源)

sra(symmetric rendering architecture,对称渲染架构)

stencil buffers(模板缓冲)

stream processor(流线处理)

superscaler rendering,超标量渲染

tbfb(tile based frame buffer,碎片纹理帧缓存)

texel(t像素,纹理上的像素点)

texture fidelity(纹理真实性)

texture swapping(纹理交换)

t&l(transform and lighting,多边形转换与光源处理)

t-buffer(t缓冲,3dfx voodoo4的特效,包括全景反锯齿full-scene anti-aliasing、动态模糊motion blur、焦点模糊depth of field blur、柔和阴影soft shadows、柔和反射soft reflections)

tca(twin cache architecture,双缓存结构)

transparency(透明状效果)

transformation(三角形转换)

trilinear filtering(三线性过滤)

texture modes,材质模式

tmipm: trilinear mip mapping(三次线性mip材质贴图)

uma(unified memory architecture,统一内存架构)

visualize geometry engine,可视化几何引擎

vertex lighting(顶点光源)

vertical interpolation(垂直调变)

vip(video interface port,视频接口)

virge: video and rendering graphics engine(视频描写图形引擎)

voxel(volume pixels,立体像素,novalogic的技术)

vqtc(vector-quantization texture compression,向量纹理压缩)

vsis(video signal standard,视频信号标准)

v-sync(同步刷新)

z buffer(z缓存)

音频

3dpa(3d positional audio,3d定位音频)

ac(audio codec,音频多媒体数字信号编解码器)

auxiliary input(辅助输入接口)

cs(channel separation,声道分离)

ds3d(directsound 3d streams)

dsd(direct stream digital,直接数字信号流)

dsl(down loadable sample,可下载的取样音色)

dls-2(downloadable sounds level 2,第二代可下载音色)

eax(environmental audio extensions,环境音效扩展技术)

extended stereo(扩展式立体声)

fm(frequency modulation,频率调制)

fir(finite impulse response,有限推进响应)

fr(frequence response,频率响应)

fse(frequency shifter effect,频率转换效果)

hrtf(head related transfer function,头部关联传输功能)

iid(interaural intensity difference,两侧声音强度差别)

iir(infinite impulse response,无限推进响应)

interactive around-sound(交互式环绕声)

interactive 3d audio(交互式3d音效)

itd(interaural time difference,两侧声音时间延迟差别)

midi: musical instrument digital interface(乐器数字接口)

nda: non-dword-aligned ,非dword排列

raw pcm: raw pulse code modulated(元脉码调制)

rma: realmedia architecture(实媒体架构)

rtsp: real time streaming protocol(实时流协议)

sacd(super audio cd,超级音乐cd)

snr(signal to noise ratio,信噪比)

s/pdif(sony/phillips digital interface,索尼/飞利普数字接口)

srs: sound retrieval system(声音修复系统)

surround sound(环绕立体声)

super intelligent sound asic(超级智能音频集成电路)

thd+n(total harmonic distortion plus noise,总谐波失真加噪音)

qem(qsound environmental modeling,qsound环境建模扬声器组)

wg(wave guide,波导合成)

wt(wave table,波表合成)

显示设备

asic: application specific integrated circuit(特殊应用积体电路)

asc(auto-sizing and centering,自动调效屏幕尺寸和中心位置)

asc(anti static coatings,防静电涂层)

agas(anti glare anti static coatings,防强光、防静电涂层)

bla: bearn landing area(电子束落区)

bmc(black matrix screen,超黑矩阵屏幕)

crc: cyclical redundancy check(循环冗余检查)

crt(cathode ray tube,阴极射线管)

ddc:display data channel,显示数据通道

dec(direct etching coatings,表面蚀刻涂层)

dfl(dynamic focus lens,动态聚焦)

dfs(digital flex scan,数字伸缩扫描)

dic: digital image control(数字图像控制)

digital multiscan ii(数字式智能多频追踪)

dlp(digital light processing,数字光处理)

dosd: digital on screen display(同屏数字化显示)

dpms(display power management signalling,显示能源管理信号)

dot pitch(点距)

dql(dynamic quadrapole lens,动态四极镜)

dsp(digital signal processing,数字信号处理)

efeal(extended field elliptical aperture lens,可扩展扫描椭圆孔镜头)

frc: frame rate control(帧比率控制)

hvd(high voltage differential,高分差动)

lcd(liquid crystal display,液晶显示屏)

lcos: liquid crystal on silicon(硅上液晶)

led(light emitting diode,光学二级管)

l-sagic(low power-small aperture g1 wiht impregnated cathode,低电压光圈阴极管)

lvd(low voltage differential,低分差动)

lvds: low voltage differential signal(低电压差动信号)

mals(multi astigmatism lens system,多重散光聚焦系统)

mda(monochrome adapter,单色设备)

ms: magnetic sensors(磁场感应器)

porous tungsten(活性钨)

rsds: reduced swing differential signal(小幅度摆动差动信号)

sc(screen coatings,屏幕涂层)

single ended(单终结)

shadow mask(阴罩式)

tdt(timeing detection table,数据测定表)

ticrg: tungsten impregnated cathode ray gun(钨传输阴级射线枪)

tft(thin film transistor,薄膜晶体管)

ucc(ultra clear coatings,超清晰涂层)

vagp: variable aperature grille pitch(可变间距光栅)

vbi: vertical blanking interval(垂直空白间隙)

vdt(video display terminals,视频显示终端)

vrr: vertical refresh rate(垂直扫描频率)

磁盘

aat(average access time,平均存取时间)

abs(auto balance system,自动平衡系统)

asmo(advanced storage magneto-optical,增强形光学存储器)

ast(average seek time,平均寻道时间)

ata(at attachment,at扩展型)

atomm(advanced super thin-layer and high-output metal media,增强形超薄高速金属媒体)

bps(bit per second,位/秒)

cam(common access model,公共存取模型)

css(common command set,通用指令集)

dma(direct memory access,直接内存存取)

dvd(digital video disk,数字视频光盘)

eide(enhanced integrated drive electronics,增强形电子集成驱动器)

fat(file allocation tables,文件分配表)

fdbm(fluid dynamic bearing motors,液态轴承马达)

fdc(floppy disk controller,软盘驱动器控制装置)

fdd(floppy disk driver,软盘驱动器)

gmr(giant magnetoresistive,巨型磁阻)

hda(head disk assembly,磁头集合)

hifd(high-capacity floppy disk,高容量软盘)

ide(integrated drive electronics,电子集成驱动器)

lba(logical block addressing,逻辑块寻址)

mbr(master boot record,主引导记录)

mtbf(mean time before failure,平均故障时间)

pio(programmed input output,可编程输入输出模式)

prml(partial response maximum likelihood,大可能部分反应,用于提高磁盘读写传输率)

rpm(rotation per minute,转/分)

rsd: removable storage device(移动式存储设备)

scsi(small computer system interface,小型计算机系统接口)

scma:scsi configured auto magically,scsi自动配置

s.m.a.r.t.(self-monitoring, analysis and reporting technology,自动监测、分析和报告技术)

sps(shock protection system,抗震保护系统)

sta(scsi trade association,scsi同业公会)

ultra dma(ultra direct memory access,超高速直接内存存取)

lvd(low voltage differential)

seagate硬盘技术

discwizard(磁盘控制软件)

dst(drive self test,磁盘自检程序)

seashield(防静电防撞击外壳)

光驱

atapi(at attachment packet interface)

bcf(boot catalog file,启动目录文件)

bif(boot image file,启动映像文件)

cdr(cd recordable,可记录光盘)

cd-rom/xa(cd-rom extended architecture,唯读光盘增强形架构)

cdrw(cd-rewritable,可重复刻录光盘)

clv(constant linear velocity,恒定线速度)

dae(digital audio extraction,数据音频抓取)

ddss(double dynamic suspension system,双悬浮动态减震系统)

ddss ii(double dynamic suspension system ii,第二代双层动力悬吊系统)

pcav(part constant angular velocity,部分恒定角速度)

vcd(video cd,视频cd)计算机公司

ali: acer lab(宏棋实验室)

asf: applied science fiction

amd: advanced micro device(超微半导体)

ami: american megatrends incorporated

ear(extreme audio reality)

hp: hewlett-packard,美国惠普公司

ibm: international business machine,国际商业机器

idg(international data group,国际数据集团)

ims: international meta system

mle:microsoft learning and entertainment,微软教学与娱乐公司

ms(microsoft,微软)

nai: network associates incorporation,前身为mcafee。

ns(national semiconductor,国家半导体)

pmi: pacific magtron international

sce(sony computer entertainment,索尼计算机娱乐部)

sgi:silicon graphics

sis: silicon integrated systems,硅片综合系统公司

umc(united microelectronics corporation,台湾联华电子公司,半导体制造商)

wd(western digital,西部数据)

zd(ziff-davis出版公司)

组织

cbf: cable broadband forum,电缆宽带论坛

cema(consumer electronics manufacturing association(消费者电子制造业协会)

cpe: customer premise equipment(用户预定设备)

csa: canadian standards association(加拿大标准协会)

dca: defense communication agency,国防部通信局

doj: department of justice(反不正当竞争部门)

dsp: delivery service partner(交付服务合伙人)

dvb:digital video broadcasting,数字视频广播

e3:electronic entertainment expo,电子娱乐展览会

eff: electronic frontier foundation(电子前线基金会)

epa(environmental protection agency,美国环境保护局)

fcc: federal communications commission(联邦通信委员会)

ftc: federal trade commission,联邦商业委员会

gdc(game developer conference,游戏发展商会议)

isscc(international solid-state circuits conference,国际晶体管电路讨论会)

icsa: international computer security association(国际计算机安全协会),它的前身为ncsa(national computer security association,国家计算机安全协会)

ieee(institute of electrical and electronics engineers,电子电路工程师协会)

ifwp: international forum white paper,国际白皮书论坛

iso/mpeg: international standard organization‘s moving picture expert group(国际标准化组织的活动图片专家组)

itaa: information technology association of american,美国信息技术协会

mac(mobile advisory council)

mcsp: microsoft certified solution providers,微软认证解决方案供应商

mjpeg(motion joint photographic experts group,移动式连续图像专家组)

mma: midi manufacturer association(midi制造商联盟)

ncta: national cable television association,美国电缆电视协会

nia: networking interoperatility alliance(网络互操作联盟)

nbitd(national board for industrual and technical development,瑞典国立工业和技术发展委员会制订)

oaaf:open arcade architecture forum,开放式arcade体系论坛

oem(original equipment manufacturer,原始设备制造商)

oif: optical internetworking forum,光纤互连网络论坛

riaa(recording industry association of america,美国唱片工业协会)

rio: redistributed internet object(因特网分配组织)

sia(the semiconductor industries association,半导体工业协会)

spa: software publishers association,软件出版商协会

tsowu(the swedish office worker’s union,瑞典办公人员联合会,以制订tco标准著称)

uawg: universal adsl working group(通用adsl工作组)

ucaid:university corporation for advanced internet development

ul: underwriters laboratories inc.(新产品实验室)

var: value added resellers(增值分销商)

w3c(world wide web consortium,万维网协会)

whql(microsoft windows hardware quality lab,微软公司视窗硬件质量实验室)

winhec: windows hardware engineering conference,视窗硬件工程会议
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